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Old Fashioned / 古典鸡尾酒

难度 / Difficulty: ★★☆☆☆

技法 / Technique: Stir / Build / 搅拌法 / 直调法

背景 / History

古典鸡尾酒（Old Fashioned）是名副其实的"鸡尾酒之王"——它是现存最古老的鸡尾酒之一，其历史可以追溯到19世纪初。最早的"鸡尾酒"定义就是：烈酒、糖、水和苦精的组合，而 Old Fashioned 正是这一定义的完美诠释。19世纪末，当花哨的新式鸡尾酒层出不穷时，怀旧的饮客们要求调酒师按照"老式的方法"（old-fashioned way）来做酒，这个名字便由此而来。在美剧《广告狂人》（Mad Men）中，主角唐·德雷帕（Don Draper）常点这款酒，使其再次风靡全球。

The Old Fashioned is rightfully called the "King of Cocktails" — it is one of the oldest cocktails in existence, dating back to the early 19th century. The original definition of a "cocktail" was simply a combination of spirit, sugar, water, and bitters, and the Old Fashioned is the purest expression of that formula. In the late 1800s, as elaborate new cocktails proliferated, nostalgic drinkers asked bartenders to make their drinks "the old-fashioned way" — and the name stuck. The TV series Mad Men and protagonist Don Draper's frequent orders of this drink brought it roaring back into modern popularity.

原料 / Ingredients

原料 / Ingredient 用量 (ml) 用量 (oz) 备注 / Notes
波本或黑麦威士忌 / Bourbon or Rye Whiskey 60 ml 2 oz 波本更柔和，黑麦更辛辣 / Bourbon is softer, rye is spicier
简糖浆 / Simple Syrup 10 ml ⅓ oz 或使用1颗方糖 / Or 1 sugar cube
安格斯图拉苦精 / Angostura Bitters 2–3 滴 / 2–3 dashes — 必不可少 / Essential
橙皮 / Orange Peel 1 片 / 1 piece — 用于装饰和提香 / For garnish and expressing oils

步骤 / Instructions

中文步骤

方法一：直调法（Build，推荐初学者）

  1. 在岩石杯（Rocks Glass）中加入简糖浆（或将方糖放入杯中，滴上苦精，加少量水，用搅拌棒碾碎溶解）。
  2. 滴入 2–3 滴安格斯图拉苦精。
  3. 倒入波本或黑麦威士忌。
  4. 加入一块大冰块（大冰球或大冰方），轻轻搅拌 20–30 秒使其冷却并适度稀释。
  5. 取一片橙皮，在杯口上方挤压，释放橙皮精油，然后将橙皮投入杯中或挂于杯沿。
  6. 即可享用。

方法二：搅拌法（Stir）

  1. 将威士忌、简糖浆和苦精倒入调酒杯（Mixing Glass）中。
  2. 加入冰块，用吧匙轻柔搅拌 30–40 秒。
  3. 将酒液滤入装有大冰块的岩石杯中。
  4. 挤压橙皮释放精油，装饰杯沿。

English Steps

Method 1: Build (Recommended for Beginners)

  1. Add simple syrup to a rocks glass (or place a sugar cube in the glass, add bitters and a splash of water, then muddle until dissolved).
  2. Add 2–3 dashes of Angostura bitters.
  3. Pour in bourbon or rye whiskey.
  4. Add one large ice cube (a large sphere or block) and gently stir for 20–30 seconds to chill and lightly dilute.
  5. Take a piece of orange peel, express the oils over the glass by squeezing it skin-side down, then drop it into the drink or rest it on the rim.
  6. Serve and enjoy.

Method 2: Stir

  1. Combine whiskey, simple syrup, and bitters in a mixing glass.
  2. Add ice and stir gently with a bar spoon for 30–40 seconds.
  3. Strain into a rocks glass over a large ice cube.
  4. Express orange peel oils over the drink and garnish.

杯具 / Glassware

岩石杯 / Rocks Glass (Old Fashioned Glass) — 搭配大冰块 / with a large ice cube

装饰 / Garnish

橙皮 / Orange Peel — 挤压释放精油 / Expressed for oils

调酒师贴士 / Pro Tips

  • 大冰块是关键：使用一块大冰球或大冰方，融化速度慢，能保持酒液冷却的同时避免过度稀释。 A large ice cube is essential — it melts slowly, keeping the drink cold without over-diluting it.
  • 威士忌的选择：波本（如 Buffalo Trace、Maker's Mark）带来甜美、柔和的口感；黑麦（如 Rittenhouse、Bulleit Rye）更辛辣、干爽。 Bourbon (e.g., Buffalo Trace, Maker's Mark) yields a sweeter, softer drink; rye (e.g., Rittenhouse, Bulleit Rye) gives a spicier, drier profile.
  • 不要加水果沙拉：经典 Old Fashioned 只用橙皮提香，不要碾碎橙角和樱桃。 Do not muddle orange slices and cherries — a classic Old Fashioned uses only expressed orange peel.
  • 方糖 vs. 糖浆：方糖更有仪式感，但糖浆能确保均匀溶解，初学者建议用糖浆。 Sugar cubes are more ritualistic, but simple syrup ensures even integration. Beginners should start with syrup.

常见变体 / Common Variations

变体名称 / Variation 说明 / Description
威士忌酸 / Whiskey Sour 加入柠檬汁和糖浆，风格更酸爽 / Adds lemon juice and syrup for a sour profile
白兰地古典 / Brandy Old Fashioned 以白兰地替代威士忌，在威斯康星州极为流行 / Uses brandy instead of whiskey; hugely popular in Wisconsin
朗姆古典 / Rum Old Fashioned 以陈年朗姆酒替代威士忌 / Substitutes aged rum for whiskey
烟熏古典 / Smoked Old Fashioned 加入烟熏元素（烟枪或泥煤威士忌） / Incorporates smoke via smoking gun or peated whisky
龙舌兰古典 / Oaxaca Old Fashioned 混合龙舌兰酒和梅斯卡尔酒，加入龙舌兰糖浆 / Blends tequila and mezcal with agave syrup

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